What is a Trailer? Detailed Component Structure of Trailers

Have you ever seen giant trucks on the highway and wondered what the part behind them is? That is a trailer. It is a type of vehicle without an engine, designed to be combined with a tractor unit to form a transport combination capable of carrying large volumes of goods. Thanks to its specialized structure and diverse types, trailers have become an indispensable tool in the modern transport industry.

What is a Trailer?

What is a trailer truck? A trailer truck is a tractor unit used to pull a trailer. This is a transport vehicle designed to carry goods and machinery. However, this vehicle has no engine and cannot run on its own.

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Structure of a Trailer Truck

A trailer truck is a combination transport vehicle consisting of two main parts: the tractor (towing vehicle) and the trailer. The tractor is used to pull the trailer, while the trailer is the part responsible for containing the goods.

Tractor (Towing Vehicle)

The tractor is the front part of the combination, equipped with an engine and a control system. It is specifically designed to pull trailers with heavy loads.

Main parts of the tractor:

• Cabin: Where the driver controls the vehicle, containing control devices, gauges, and safety systems.
• Engine: Provides the power to pull the trailer, usually a high-capacity diesel engine.
• Drivetrain: Includes the gearbox, drive shaft, and drive axle, transmitting engine power to the wheels.
• Suspension system: Helps reduce vibration during movement, ensuring stability and comfort for the driver.
• Braking system: Ensures safety during operation.
• Fifth wheel/Coupler: Connects the tractor to the trailer.

Trailer

The trailer is the rear part, without an engine, responsible for containing and transporting goods.

Main parts of the trailer:

• Frame: The main load-bearing part, made of steel or aluminum alloy, ensuring durability and high load capacity.
• Floor: Can be a flatbed, skeletal floor, or specialized floor for specific types of goods.
• Side walls: Protect goods from external impacts.
• Axles: Support the weight of the cargo and help the trailer move.
• Suspension system: Helps reduce vibration during movement, protecting the goods and extending the trailer’s lifespan.
• Braking system: Ensures safety during transportation.
• Kingpin: Connects to the towing vehicle.

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Commonly Used Types of Trailers Today

Each type of trailer has different advantages, depending on the customer’s cargo. Below are the commonly used types of trailer trucks:

• Flatbed trailer: Used for goods that are not too heavy and do not require special protection.
• Curtainside trailer: Has a curtain cover for the goods, suitable for transporting goods that are not too high.
• Container trailer: Used to carry standard containers.
• Dump trailer: Equipped with a hydraulic lifting system for self-unloading.
• Car carrier trailer: Used for transporting automobiles.
• And many other types: Logging trailers, chemical tankers, feed trailers…

Conclusion

Trailers have proven their important role in the modern transport system. With the ability to transport diverse and large volumes of goods, trailers have contributed to the development of many economic sectors. Naltako has helped you better understand what a trailer is and related information. If you have any questions, please contact:

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